Marcos dictatorship under formal martial law - Revision history

Iraiawiki at 15:12, 18 October 2017

2017-10-18T15:12:17Z

Iraiawiki: added pic

2017-10-18T15:09:26Z

added pic

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in 1973 */

2017-10-18T12:56:28Z

‎Key events in 1973

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in 1980 */

2017-03-12T04:58:06Z

‎Key events in 1980

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in 1980 */

2017-03-12T04:56:42Z

‎Key events in 1980

Iraiawiki at 04:55, 12 March 2017

2017-03-12T04:55:22Z

Iraiawiki: /* The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) */

2017-03-12T04:51:55Z

‎The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980)

Iraiawiki: /* The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) */

2017-03-12T04:51:18Z

‎The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980)

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in the early months of martial law (Oct-Dec 1972) */

2017-03-11T17:51:47Z

‎Key events in the early months of martial law (Oct-Dec 1972)

Iraiawiki: Protected "Marcos dictatorship under formal martial law" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

2017-03-11T17:29:45Z

Protected "Marcos dictatorship under formal martial law" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:12, 18 October 2017
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−	[[File:~~220px-~~Marcos_declaring_Martial_Law.jpg]]	+	[[File:Marcos_declaring_Martial_Law.jpg]]

	= The early years of martial law (1972-1977) =		= The early years of martial law (1972-1977) =

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:09, 18 October 2017
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		+	[[File:220px-Marcos_declaring_Martial_Law.jpg]]
		+
	= The early years of martial law (1972-1977) =		= The early years of martial law (1972-1977) =

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 == Key events in 1973 ==
-* 8 Jan 1973: On the 108th day of martial law, Marcos announces on radio-TV the postponement of the 15 Jan national plebiscite on the new constitution and suspends media debate over the charter, claiming that the country was slipping back into old habits. He says that anti-government university students, taking advantage of his decision to allow free debate on the issue, have been expanding their ranks and spreading false rumors. He warns that rumor-mongering is now punishable "in the same category as subversive propaganda." He explains that a date for the plebiscite would be set after a "national consultation" scheduled on 17 Jan through "citizens' assemblies" that are hurriedly being organized throughout the country. Marcos also confirms the death sentence by firing squad on Lim Seng, a Chinese national convicted of the manufacture and trafficking of illegal drugs.
+* '''8 Jan 1973''': On the 108th day of martial law, Marcos announces on radio-TV the postponement of the 15 Jan national plebiscite on the new constitution and suspends media debate over the charter, claiming that the country was slipping back into old habits. He says that anti-government university students, taking advantage of his decision to allow free debate on the issue, have been expanding their ranks and spreading false rumors. He warns that rumor-mongering is now punishable "in the same category as subversive propaganda." He explains that a date for the plebiscite would be set after a "national consultation" scheduled on 17 Jan through "citizens' assemblies" that are hurriedly being organized throughout the country. Marcos also confirms the death sentence by firing squad on Lim Seng, a Chinese national convicted of the manufacture and trafficking of illegal drugs. (Sources: ''Milwaukee Journal'', 8 Jan 1973; ''The Sydney Morning Herald'', 9 Jan 1973)
-* January 1973: The draft of the 1971 Constitutional Convention is ratified through barangay assemblies in a so-called national referendum.
+* '''January 1973''': The draft of the 1971 Constitutional Convention is ratified through barangay assemblies in a so-called national referendum.
-* The January 1973 Misa ng Kalayaan (protest mass) at the Binondo church, located in one of Manilaâ€™s oldest districts.
+* The January 1973 Misa ng Kalayaan (protest mass) at the Binondo church, located in one of Manila's oldest districts.
 * Efforts to continue mass protests

@@ Line 160: / Line 160: @@
 * '''Victor Lovely is arrested (4 Sep 1980)'''
-On 4 September, Victor Burns Lovely, a 35-year-old Filipino-American holding a U.S. passport, is arrested after he being seriously hurt in an explosion in his room at the Manila YMCA. Authorities say he was constructing the bomb when it accidentally exploded. Subsequently, Defense Minister Enrile says there are an estimated two dozen guerrillas who, like Lovely, have been trained to conduct a violent campaign against the Marcos regime. (Source: ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', 20 Oct 1980; ''Herald-Journal'', 21 Oct 1980)
+On 4 September, Victor Burns Lovely, a 35-year-old Filipino-American holding a U.S. passport, is arrested after he is seriously hurt in an explosion in his room at the Manila YMCA. Authorities say he was constructing the bomb when it accidentally exploded. Subsequently, Defense Minister Enrile says there are an estimated two dozen guerrillas who, like Lovely, have been trained to conduct a violent campaign against the Marcos regime. (Source: ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', 20 Oct 1980; ''Herald-Journal'', 21 Oct 1980)
 * [[The 1980 ASTA bombing at the PICC]]
 See also: [[1980]]

@@ Line 162: / Line 162: @@
 On 4 September, Victor Burns Lovely, a 35-year-old Filipino-American holding a U.S. passport, is arrested after he being seriously hurt in an explosion in his room at the Manila YMCA. Authorities say he was constructing the bomb when it accidentally exploded. Subsequently, Defense Minister Enrile says there are an estimated two dozen guerrillas who, like Lovely, have been trained to conduct a violent campaign against the Marcos regime. (Source: ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', 20 Oct 1980; ''Herald-Journal'', 21 Oct 1980)
-* [[The 1980 ASTA bombing at the PICC]
+* [[The 1980 ASTA bombing at the PICC]]
 See also: [[1980]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== The early years of martial law (1972-1977) ==
+= The early years of martial law (1972-1977) =
 From 23 September 1972 (the day that Proclamation 1081 was actually put into effect) up to 23 August 1977 (the day when Marcos proclaimed his "normalization" policy during the World Law Conference in Manila)--a total of almost five years--can be considered as the early years of martial law. These were the years when the iron-fisted policies of the U.S.-backed Marcos dictatorship were most obvious: the arrests and extended detention without charges, the media censorship, the overnight curfew and travel ban, and the non-convening of a legislature, among others.
-=== Key events leading up to martial law ===
+== Key events leading up to martial law ==
 * [[Events in 1972 on the eve of martial law]]
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 * Earliest organized opposition to martial law
-=== Key events in the early months of martial law (Oct-Dec 1972) ===
+== Key events in the early months of martial law (Oct-Dec 1972) ==
 * [[October 1972 Marawi uprising]]
@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 See also: [[1972]]
-=== Key events in 1973 ===
+== Key events in 1973 ==
 * 8 Jan 1973: On the 108th day of martial law, Marcos announces on radio-TV the postponement of the 15 Jan national plebiscite on the new constitution and suspends media debate over the charter, claiming that the country was slipping back into old habits. He says that anti-government university students, taking advantage of his decision to allow free debate on the issue, have been expanding their ranks and spreading false rumors. He warns that rumor-mongering is now punishable "in the same category as subversive propaganda." He explains that a date for the plebiscite would be set after a "national consultation" scheduled on 17 Jan through "citizens' assemblies" that are hurriedly being organized throughout the country. Marcos also confirms the death sentence by firing squad on Lim Seng, a Chinese national convicted of the manufacture and trafficking of illegal drugs.
@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 See also: [[1973]]
-=== Key events in 1974 ===
+== Key events in 1974 ==
 * Jolo razed, thousands feared dead in AFP-MNLF battles (February 1974).
@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
 See also: [[1974]]
-=== Key events in 1975 ===
+== Key events in 1975 ==
 * '''Referendum on martial law'''. 27-28 Feb 1975: Marcos conducts a referendum on his martial law powers (whether people approve of martial law and whether they want him to continue) and the creation of the Metro Manila Commission. The opposition, including five of the 66 Catholic bishops, are calling for a boycott. Comelec chairman Leonardo Perez issues a warning that people who fail to vote may face arrest, prosecution and 1-6 months in jail. (Source: AP, Lewiston Daily Sun, 27 Feb 1975)
@@ Line 86: / Line 86: @@
 See also: [[1975]]
-=== Key events in 1976 ===
+== Key events in 1976 ==
 * Mass upsurge in workers' strikes, urban poor struggles in Metro Manila
@@ Line 95: / Line 95: @@
-== The "normalization" period (1977-1980) ==
+= The "normalization" period (1977-1980) =
 The years from 1977 to 1980 comprise the so-called normalization or "transition" period, on the Marcos promise--which turns to be a false premise--that martial law is being phased out and "regular democratic processes" are being phased in.
-=== Key events in 1977 ===
+== Key events in 1977 ==
 * Marcos declares "normalization" policy and process
@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
-=== Key events in 1978 ===
+== Key events in 1978 ==
 * The Lakas ng Bayan (LABAN) electoral campaign
@@ Line 129: / Line 129: @@
-=== Key events in 1979 ===
+== Key events in 1979 ==
 * [[US-Philippine Military Bases Agreement renewed (Jan 1979)]]
@@ Line 142: / Line 142: @@
 See also: [[1979]]
-=== Key events in 1980 ===
+== Key events in 1980 ==
 * The January 1980 local elections

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:51, 12 March 2017
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−	== The "normalization~~" or "transition~~" period (1977-1980) ==	+	== The "normalization" period (1977-1980) ==

	The years from 1977 to 1980 comprise the so-called normalization or "transition" period, on the Marcos promise--which turns to be a false premise--that martial law is being phased out and "regular democratic processes" are being phased in.		The years from 1977 to 1980 comprise the so-called normalization or "transition" period, on the Marcos promise--which turns to be a false premise--that martial law is being phased out and "regular democratic processes" are being phased in.

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:51, 12 March 2017
Line 97:		Line 97:
	== The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) ==		== The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) ==

		+	The years from 1977 to 1980 comprise the so-called normalization or "transition" period, on the Marcos promise--which turns to be a false premise--that martial law is being phased out and "regular democratic processes" are being phased in.

	=== Key events in 1977 ===		=== Key events in 1977 ===

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 === Key events in the early months of martial law (Oct-Dec 1972) ===
-* [[The October 1972 Marawi uprising]]
+* [[October 1972 Marawi uprising]]
 * Oct 1972: Marcos says he hopes martial law could be ended and elections held by end-1973 with the ratification of a new constitution. (Source: AP, ''Sarasota Herald-Tribune'', 9 Oct 1972)

← Older revision	Revision as of 17:29, 11 March 2017
(No difference)

Marcos dictatorship under formal martial law - Revision history

Iraiawiki at 15:12, 18 October 2017

Iraiawiki: added pic

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in 1973 */

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in 1980 */

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in 1980 */

Iraiawiki at 04:55, 12 March 2017

Iraiawiki: /* The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) */

Iraiawiki: /* The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) */

Iraiawiki: /* Key events in the early months of martial law (Oct-Dec 1972) */

Iraiawiki: Protected "Marcos dictatorship under formal martial law" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

Iraiawiki: /* The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) */

Iraiawiki: /* The "normalization" or "transition" period (1977-1980) */